Key insights
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1
Intersectoral support expands repair rights momentum: The right-to-repair movement leverages support from diverse groups—farmers, military personnel, environmentalists, bipartisan politicians—enhancing its political leverage beyond consumer electronics.
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2
Software locks and subscription models preserve manufacturer control: Even with new laws, manufacturers use firmware updates, encryption, and repair subscriptions to limit independent repairs, demonstrating a shifting battleground from hardware to software control.
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3
Environmental considerations are central but undercut by industry tactics: Repair advocates frame right-to-repair as an environmental issue reducing e-waste, but slow corporate adaptation and software restrictions limit sustainable impacts so far.
Takeaways
Despite legislative gains at the state level, significant industry resistance and legal challenges remain, indicating the right-to-repair issue will continue to evolve through political, legal, and technological contests.