Right-to-Repair Movement Gains Ground Amid Industry Resistance

Wired
Wired
2w ago
US states passed right-to-repair laws expanding consumer repair rights amid industry pushback using software restrictions and subscription models.
Right-to-Repair Movement Gains Ground Amid Industry Resistance
A What happened
The right-to-repair movement marked progress in 2025 as three US states approved laws granting consumers and independent shops access to repair parts, tools, and manuals. This followed bipartisan legislative efforts after decades of lobbying. Repair advocates argue that allowing repair competition prevents manufacturer monopolies on fixes and reduces environmental waste. Despite gains, manufacturers continue to restrict repairs through software locks and exclusive subscription repair programs. Meanwhile, battles persist in the agricultural sector over tractor repairs and in military contexts where servicemembers’ repair rights face legislative obstacles. Advocates seek federal reforms such as repealing the Digital Millennium Copyright Act's section 1201 provisions that enable software-based hardware locks. The broad support includes environmentalists, technologists, farmers, and some politicians, but entrenched corporate interests resist changes that threaten their control over device repair ecosystems.

Key insights

  • 1

    Intersectoral support expands repair rights momentum: The right-to-repair movement leverages support from diverse groups—farmers, military personnel, environmentalists, bipartisan politicians—enhancing its political leverage beyond consumer electronics.

  • 2

    Software locks and subscription models preserve manufacturer control: Even with new laws, manufacturers use firmware updates, encryption, and repair subscriptions to limit independent repairs, demonstrating a shifting battleground from hardware to software control.

  • 3

    Environmental considerations are central but undercut by industry tactics: Repair advocates frame right-to-repair as an environmental issue reducing e-waste, but slow corporate adaptation and software restrictions limit sustainable impacts so far.

Takeaways

Despite legislative gains at the state level, significant industry resistance and legal challenges remain, indicating the right-to-repair issue will continue to evolve through political, legal, and technological contests.

Topics

World & Politics Policy & Regulation

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