Soil acidity-driven aluminium toxic buildup: The increasing soil acidity in Kuttanad enhances aluminium solubility, turning otherwise non-toxic aluminium into harmful soluble forms that damage plant roots and inhibit nutrient uptake.

Crop health directly linked to environmental soil chemistry: Excess aluminium disrupts absorption of critical nutrients, reducing paddy yield and threatening the primary food and income source for local farmers.

Remediation depends on targeted chemical intervention: Effective mitigation requires liming materials like dolomite to raise soil pH, decreasing aluminium solubility and toxicity, rather than solely traditional farming methods.