MARKET STRUCTURE · INDIA
India and Brazil sign critical minerals cooperation agreement
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India and Brazil signed an agreement to boost cooperation on critical minerals and rare earths on February 21, 2026.
Why it matters
The agreement formalizes cooperation on critical minerals and rare earths, giving India an additional state-level pathway to diversify supply relationships. For Brazil, the signing elevates its role as a strategic supplier in minerals value chains that are increasingly constrained by export restrictions and processing concentration. The immediate decision impact is on procurement and project pipelines that depend on rare earths and other critical inputs, where counterparties may now route engagement through this bilateral framework. The agreement also signals that minerals access is becoming a core condition in broader trade and investment talks between the two governments.
Implications
- • New bilateral framework for critical-minerals sourcing and coordination
- • Supply-chain options expand beyond China-linked channels
- • Minerals access becomes a lever in wider India–Brazil trade talks
Who is affected
- • Rare-earth and critical-minerals miners and processors in Brazil
- • Indian manufacturers dependent on critical minerals (EVs, electronics, defense)
- • Commodity traders and offtake contract counterparties in critical minerals
- • Government trade and industrial policy agencies in India and Brazil
Source
Topics
World & Politics Trade & Tariffs Business & Markets Supply Chain & Logistics Energy & Power Energy Transition