The European Union's 27 member states have reached a pivotal agreement to target a 90% reduction in greenhouse-gas emissions by 2040, compared to 1990 levels. This decision, made on November 5, 2025, comes after prolonged negotiations aimed at securing consensus before the upcoming COP30 summit in Brazil. The agreement allows countries to count international carbon credits towards 10% of their emissions reduction goals, a compromise aimed at appeasing more skeptical member states. Despite the EU's previous success in cutting emissions by 37% since 1990, recent political shifts have raised concerns about the economic implications of aggressive climate policies. The deal also includes a commitment to reassess the 2040 target every two years, reflecting ongoing tensions between climate ambitions and economic growth. Environmental advocates have criticized the concessions made during negotiations, arguing they undermine the EU's climate objectives.