An international study published in the journal Nature has identified that reducing pollution from wood burning and road traffic may be the most effective strategy for improving air quality in Europe. Researchers analyzed over 11,000 air pollution samples from 43 locations across six countries, measuring their oxidative potential (OP) to assess toxicity. The study found that air pollution near roads was significantly more toxic than in rural areas, with winter months exacerbating the issue due to increased wood burning. Notably, cities like Sarajevo exhibited high OP values due to a combination of wood burning for heating and an aging vehicle fleet. The researchers cautioned that merely reducing particle pollution levels may not suffice; targeted policies addressing the most harmful pollution sources are essential for improving public health outcomes.